Skip to main content

Rundown About Samarium


Samarium(Sm) is the one of lanthanide rare earth metals with atomic number 62. Samarium is bright, fairly hard, silvery white metal. Samarium is stable at room temperature, but samarium ignites in air at 150oC or higher temperatures. Usually samarium assumes to be mostly at +3 oxidation state. Samarium is slightly toxic, but it has no significant biological role. Samarium was discovered in 1853 in Geneva, Switzerland, by Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac. However, samarium was firstly isolated in 1879 by French chemist Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran from mineral called samarskite, the mineral which named after soviet after Colonel Samarskii. Samarium’s hardness and density are similar to zinc’s and has paramagnetic property at room temperature. Samarium is 40th most abundant element in Earth’s crust and 5th most abundant lanthanide with average concentration 8ppm. Samarium is not found free in nature. It’s found, like other rare earth metals, in mineral containing it like monazite, bastnasite, cerite, gadolinite, and samarskite. Commercially, samarium is recovered from minerals using ion exchange and solvent extraction techniques. In addition, samarium metal could be produced of the molten samarium chloride with sodium chloride.
Applications of Samarium:
Samarium-cobalt magnets are much more powerful than iron-cobalt magnets and are used in microwave applications due to its ability to remain its magnetic properties at high temperature.
Samarium is used in headphones and stereos because samarium-cobalt magnets enabled the miniaturization of electronic devices.
Samarium is used to dope calcium chloride crystals for use in optical lasers.
Samarium is used in infrared absorbing glass.
Samarium is used as neutron absorber in nuclear reactors.
Samarium is used in specialized use in glass and ceramics as samarium oxide compound.
Samarium is used in carbon arc lighting for studio lighting and projection.
Samarium oxide used as catalyst in the dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethanol.
Samarium is used in small motors and pickups for some electric guitars as samarium-cobalt magnet.
Samarium, the radioactive Sm-153, is used in treatments of cancer.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Usage of Silver Conductive Adhesive Paste in Corrosion Protection

In electronics, solders are main material to connect electrical components to substrates which are generally printed circuit boards. Although they are cheap, they are not effective if long term performance is considered since solders have low resistivity to corrosion relatively. Since corrosion reduce reliability, the cost of advanced technological systems such as RADAR, SONAR, LIDAR and more increase. In addition, small signals can be lost, and in huge data transfer, some of the data can be lost also especially which may lead catastrophic failures in critical systems. For instance, surface to air missiles can be launched to target which is not exist if the data coming from detection systems is noisy. Therefore, corrosion protection is necessary, and  silver conductive adhesive paste  is an essential candidate to replace PbSn solders due to its resistivity to corrosion. Silver conductive adhesive paste provide not only noisy reduction but also electromagnetic interference whi...
Post a Comment
Read more

Titanium Carbide Powders and Applications

Titanium carbide which has the chemical formula of TiC attracted great interest for many structural applications due to its extremely high melting temperature, high hardness, high chemical resistance and good electrical conductivity. Therefore titanium carbide can be used in cutting tools, grinding wheels, wear-resistant coatings, high temperature heat exchangers, magnetic recording heads, turbine engine seals, and bullet-proof vests, etc. In addition, a promising field of application comprises plasma and flame spraying processes in air, where titanium carbide-based powders show high-phase stability. TiC(Titanium Carbide Powder) (325 mesh, 99,9+%)  can also be used in biomedical implant devices. Materials used for biomedical implant devices must satisfy a variety of property demands, which are often mutually exclusive. Further, different parts of a device demand different material properties. These factors often make it difficult to manufacture a medical device using a...
Post a Comment
Read more

Nanocellulose: Descriptions, Usage and Applications

Nanocellulose  is denoted by nano-structured cellulose which consist of C6H10O5. Since cellulose is abundant polymer in nature, large quantity of nanocellulose can be manufactured from the cost-effective aspect. Non-toxic and lightweight properties make it easy to carry, so it can be used in applications which requires mobility. High tensile, stiffness and electrical conductivity expand its usage through electrical and mechanical applications. Unique properties depending on the type of nanocellulose are also exist. There are three types which are cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). First type of nanocellulose is  cellulose nanocrystal , development in applications show that CNCs have unique specialities for improving mechanical properties of nanocomposites such as electrospun nanocomposite fibers/mats and nanocomposite hydrogels. Numerous nanocomposite hydrogels reinforced with CNCs can be designed to be sens...
Post a Comment
Read more