Samarium(Sm) is the one of lanthanide rare earth metals with atomic number 62. Samarium is bright, fairly hard, silvery white metal. Samarium is stable at room temperature, but samarium ignites in air at 150 o C or higher temperatures. Usually samarium assumes to be mostly at +3 oxidation state. Samarium is slightly toxic, but it has no significant biological role. Samarium was discovered in 1853 in Geneva, Switzerland, by Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac. However, samarium was firstly isolated in 1879 by French chemist Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran from mineral called samarskite, the mineral which named after soviet after Colonel Samarskii. Samarium’s hardness and density are similar to zinc’s and has paramagnetic property at room temperature. Samarium is 40 th most abundant element in Earth’s crust and 5 th most abundant lanthanide with average concentration 8ppm. Samarium is not found free in nature. It’s found, like other rare earth metals, in min...
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