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RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY -I

Image retrieved from : www.nanowerk.com NANOTECHNOLOGY IN WESTERN EUROPE The nanotechnology started early with the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NION) initiated in 1986 by the UK National Physics Laboratory and DTI in Western Europe, where UK, Germany, France, Sweden and the Netherlands are particularly strong. First the nanotechnology institute was established and the "1998-2002 Foresight Program" announced nanotechnology as a strategic interest. Programs involving all of Europe, as well as national initiatives, have been put into effect. In the European Union, which was designated as the primary research area in October 2000, Nanotechnology allocated 82 million euros between 1998 and 2002 and 1.3 billion euros in the 6 th Framework Program covering 2002-2006. The large multinational companies of Europe, which make AR-GE in nanotechnology, Philips, Siemens, Bayer, Henkel, Degussa, Thompson CSF and Air Liquide. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN USA The "National Nanot...