Nanografi Nanotechnology

Hydroxyapatite, is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH). Pure hydroxyapatite powder is white. Naturally occurring apatites can, however, also have brown, yellow, or green colorations, comparable to the discolorations of dental fluorosis. Hydroxyapatite Nanopowder/Nanoparticles (50 nm, 99.95+%)  has been widely used as a biocompatible ceramic in many areas of medicine, but mainly for contact with bone tissue, due to its resemblance to mineral bone. In mammals, the skeleton presents a carbonated and partially substituted apatite, based on nanocrystal aggregates, and associated with collagen, building up 3-D structures present in various bone tissue conformations like trabecular or cancellous bone. There has been growing interest in developing bioactive synthetic ceramics that could closely mimic natural apatite characteristics. As mentioned before,  Hydroxyapatite Nanopowder/Nanoparticle  is the main inorganic constituent of bo

Graphene  is an allotrope of carbon that exists as a two-dimensional planar sheet. Graphene is technically a non-metal but is often referred to as a quasi-metal due to its properties being like that of a semi-conducting metal. As such, Graphene has many unique properties that cannot be found with other non-metallic materials. In Graphene the carbon–carbon bond length is about 0.142 nanometers.  Graphene sheets  stack to form graphite with an interplanar spacing of 0.335 nm. Graphene is the strongest material ever tested in the world, with an intrinsic tensile strength of 130.5 GPa and a Young's modulus of 1 TPa (150000000 psi). In addition to having a unique strength,  Graphene  is also very lightweight (0.77 mgm-2). Of course with these strong mechanical properties,  Graphene  is one of the most important chemicals that is  researched. Let's look at some studies doing by taking into account of Graphene's extraordinary properties. The adhesion energy of Graphene wi

Graphene , which is a two-dimensional carbon allotrope, is as a sophisticated material. Graphene nanoparticles/ nanopowder have amazing properties as the lightest and strongest material, compared with its ability to conduct heat and electricity better than anything else, mean that it can be integrated into a huge number of applications. So it means that in order to improve the performance of current materials  Graphene nanoparticles/nanopowder  can be used. As we mentioned before,  Graphene  shows extraordinary properties. One particular area that Graphene nanoparticles /nanopowder can be used is electronic devices. By using Graphene we can produce touchscreens and liquid crystal displays (LCD), within the field of electronics.  Graphene  is an almost completely transparent material, it is able to transmit up to 97.7% of light optically, while also eliciting its highly conductive properties, which is an ideal feature in certain electronics. For example  Graphene nanoparticles/nano

General Information about Tantalum Carbide                                         Tantalum carbides  form a family of binary chemical compounds of tantalum and carbon with the empirical formula TaC x , where x usually varies between 0.4 and 1. Tantalum Carbide is extremely hard, brittle, refractory ceramic material with metallic electrical conductivity. They appear as brown-gray powders, which are usually processed by sintering. The melting points of  tantalum carbides  peak at about 3880 °C depending on the purity and measurement conditions; this value is among the highest for binary compounds. Applications of Tantalum Carbide Nanoparticles/Nanopowder  Tantalum Carbide nanoparticles/nanopowder  are suitable to cut a variety of materials such as gray cast iron, ductile nodular iron, austenitic stainless steel, nickel-base alloys, titanium alloys, aluminum, free-machining steels, plain carbon steels, alloy steels, and martensitic and ferrite stainless steels.  Tantalum carbide

What is Lead Zirconate Titanate?                                               Lead zirconate titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Pb[Zr x Ti 1-x ]O 3  (0≤x≤1). Also called  PZT , it is a ceramic perovskite material that shows a marked piezoelectric effect, meaning that the compound changes shape when an electric field is applied. Lead Zirconate Titanate is used in a number of practical applications such as ultrasonic transducers and piezoelectric resonators. Lead Zirconate Titanate is a white solid that is insoluble in all solvents.                                                                                                                                                                                      Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Nanoparticles/Nanopowder and Application Areas                                                                                                                                                                         

Information about Copper                                          Copper  is a chemical element with symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color.  Copper  is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys, such as sterling silver used in jewelry, cupronickel used to make marine hardware and coins, and constantan used in strain gauges and thermocouples for temperature measurement. Nanoparticles/Nanopowder of Copper and Application Areas                             Copper Nanoparticles/Nanopowder  display unique characteristics including catalytic and antifungal/antibacterial activities that are not observed in commercial copper.  Copper Nanoparticles/Nanopowder  demonstrate a very strong catalytic activity, a property that can be attributed to their large cataly

Silicon Nitride Nanoparticles/Nanopowder and Applications Information about Silicon Nitride  Silicon Nitride is a chemical compound consist of Silicon and Nitrogen. Silicon Nitride is a very hard compound and has very high thermal stability. β-Silicon Nitride Silicon Nitride Nanoparticles/Nanopowder Applications  Silicon Nitride nanopowders/nanoparticle are super hard materials. By their this property, Silicon Nitride Nanopowders/Nanoparticle are used in manufacturing structure devices such as in chemical industry, aviation, metallurgy, machinery, aerospace, and energy industry. Silicon Nitride nanoparticles/nanopowder are used in high temperature, water resistant, and corrosion resistant structural component such as sleeves, valves, sliding bearings, ball and roller bearings. Another application area of Silicon Nitride nanoparticles/nanopowder is surface treatment of metals. So Silicon Nitride nanopowders/nanoparticle are used in cutting tools, turbine blades and rotors,

What is Cerium Oxide? Cerium (IV) oxide is an oxide of the  rare-earth metal  cerium. It is a pale yellow-white powder with the chemical formula CeO 2 . It is an important commercial product and an intermediate in the purification of the element from the ores. The distinctive property of this material is its reversible conversion to a nonstoichiometric oxide. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/Nanopowder and Their Properties and Usage                                     Cerium , which is the first element in the lanthanide group with 4f electrons, has attracted much attention from researchers in physics, chemistry, biology and materials science. When combined with oxygen in a  nanoparticle/nanopowder  formulation, Cerium Oxide adopts a fluorite crystalline structure that emerges as a fascinating material. This cerium oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder has been used prolifically in various engineering and biological applications, such as solid-oxide fuel cells, high-temperature oxidation